The common theme used by Gandhian concept in political science is social movement and satyagraha, criticism of the Indian state, the concept of Swaraj, communal and social harmony and decentralization (Panchayati Raj Institutions) or the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts. Medium impact on development and debate, etc. The Gandhian approach is used in assessing the impact on Gandhian intellectuals like Charan Singh, Lohia and other socialist leaders. Lohia and Charan Singh attacked industrialization and favored small scale industries and village industries. Although Charan Singh was influenced by Gandhian ideas, he also disagreed with them on some issues. For example, he opposed Gandhi's theory of cooperative farming system. However, he was a supporter of cooperative services in agriculture. The influence of Gandhian philosophy on Lohia is visible from his socialist model. He criticized the Nehruvian model of development. They are heavily influenced by Gandhi's ideas such as Civil Avanna or Satyagraha and economic and political decentralization or, according to the Gandhian perspective, the state is primarily a self-less machine that uses means by force. The Gandhian perspective tries to understand the need to provide security to the state. In fact, he was not opposed to the state, but he was a supporter of less use of the state. The role of Raj can be fulfilled by Panchayati Raj Institutions. to the state only minimal work should be done. Gandhians support democracy where the people have power, and can play an effective role in decision making, especially through decentralization and Panchayati Raj institutions.
1. Social and Communal Harmony:
How the Gandhian concept helped to end the communal polarization has been answered time and again by historians, especially in the context of the Naukhali riots (Batalyan, 2005). In Naukhali, Gandhiji had succeeded in overcoming the riots by his efforts. Gandhi explained the importance of using religion in politics and its effect in overcoming violence. Historians used the Gandhian method to study the establishment of Naukhali communal harmony. Despite that Gandhiji was criticized by both Hindus and Muslims. Bhaukhu Parekh viewed the Naukhali riots from the point of view of internal relations suffering, hunger strikes etc.) and his political success was in achieving communal harmony. The Gandhian perspective attempts to analyze how different communities were affected by the communal situation. can be taken out and brought together.
2. Social Movement:
In studying the movement in Gujarat in 1974 which was against price hike, Dhanasyam Shah has mentioned the role of Satyagraha, especially this movement against Levy was started by the students whose main demand was to increase the food bill in the mess and oppression. Black marketing, inflation, de-nationalization, civil liberties were also included in this. This movement forced Chief Minister Chimanbhai Patel to resign. Later this movement He was also associated with the movement of P. In 1997, this movement provided the background for imposition of emergency in disguise. Some schools also underline the importance of satyagraha and non-violence in the farmers' movement. Gandhians Subba Rao and PV Rajagopal and Jayaprakash Narayan used Gandhian methods to surrender to the dacoits of Chambal in the movement against tyranny. He encouraged them to adopt the path of non-violence by ending violence, J.J. P. Joining the movement which was against corruption, and mobilized them against the Emergency, Balagopal formed the Ekta Parishad against the tribal people encroaching on their land and gave them the right to their land. The Ekta Parishad was also influenced by Gandhian philosophy. Non-violence and non-cooperation had its effect on this too. It tried to bring the state and society together. A Joint Working Group was formed in 1980. This put pressure on Digvijay and the Congress government to undertake land reforms. In almost three decades since 1990, the Ekta Parishad raised many important issues such as wages, migration, bonded labour, resettlement, employment etc.
Ekta Parishad also started alternative new social movements in Bundelkhad and Chhattisgarh. It also organized long marches like pad yatra, dharna, chakka jam, land satyagraha etc. It involved MP and farmers of Delhi (Pai 2010)
3. Party Arrangement:
To express his views about the Congress system in an article, Rajni Kothari presented an article in December 1974 14 (2) Asian Survey. He was of the view that the government cannot function without grassroots organisation. This deficiency was visible in the Congress Party during the post Nehruvian period. Whatever mass movements were taking place, they were also being carried out on the election channel or the legislature. These were their contacts with the public. In the absence of organization, external forces were strengthening their roots. If the Congress party fails to create workers at the grassroots level, it will be successful in doing the opposition party. If we cannot restore the party organisation, the elections will lose their credibility.
4. Influence of Gandhian Philosophy on Public Policies:
The Janata government was trying to change the model of Nehruvian policies. This is their model of development giving preference to investment in agriculture and not industries, investment in agriculture sector to promote employment, and other policies, India was trying to become a nation that belonged to farmers rather than bureaucracy. All these are some examples of the impact of Gandhian policies. Such issues have been influenced by the Gandhian parish. Charan Singh criticized Nehru's model and gave priority to agriculture. Village community and small scale industries can also be seen in the Gandhian framework. He accused Nehru of making India de-industrialised. Rahul Ramagudam (2008), using the Gandhian Awadh Gana, considered the importance of materiality and morality in life. Materiality was Nehru's gift while morality was Gandhi's contribution.
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